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探讨了线粒体功能障碍在慢性疾病发病机制中的关键作用，包括代谢性疾病、神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病和癌症，重点关注其对ATP生成、活性氧（ROS）产生和细胞稳态的影响。同时也阐述了驱动疾病进展的机制性关联，如受损的线粒体生物合成和过度的氧化应激。在应用层面，本文提供了基于实证的生活方式干预措施，特别是饮食策略（如生酮饮食、植物源营养、间歇性禁食和热量限制），这些干预通过促进线粒体生物合成与减少氧化损伤来增强线粒体功能。此外，评估了耐力训练、高强度间歇训练和抗阻训练等运动方式通过多种信号通路刺激线粒体适应能力。本文强调以能量为核心的健康理念，即优先考虑线粒体能量生产以促进整体健康。通过整合细胞、动物和人体层面研究，突出饮食与运动策略的协同效益，并为预防和管理慢性疾病提供切实可行的建议。
Abstract：This review explores the critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and cancer, emphasizing its impact on ATP production, reactive oxygen species generation, and cellular homeostasis. It elucidates mechanistic links, such as impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and excessive oxidative stress, that drive disease progression. The manuscript evaluates evidence-based lifestyle interventions, specifically dietary strategies like ketogenic diets, plant-based nutrition, intermittent fasting, and caloric restriction, which enhance mitochondrial function by promoting biogenesis and reducing oxidative damage. Additionally,exercise modalities, including endurance training, high-intensity interval training, and resistance training, are assessed for their ability to stimulate mitochondrial adaptations via various signaling pathways. By emphasizing energy-centric health, which prioritizes mitochondrial energy production for overall well-being, this review integrates cellular, animal, and human studies to underscore the synergistic benefits of combined dietary and exercise strategies, providing actionable insights for preventing and managing chronic diseases.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R363
引用信息:
[1]康杰,刘畅.线粒体功能障碍与慢性疾病：机制综述与生活方式干预建议[J].体育科研,2025,46(06):1-10.